India, Japan deepen defence, AI, vitality ties; finalise financial roadmap
India and Japan on Thursday unveiled measures to increase cooperation in defence, vitality safety, uncommon earths and AI, and finalised a joint roadmap for financial safety, as Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Japanese counterpart Sanae Takaichi emphasised the significance of mutual belief underpinning bilateral ties in a world order dealing with rising uncertainty.

Takaichi, on her first go to to India since changing into prime minister, arrived with a high-powered enterprise delegation and joined Modi for the sixteenth annual India-Japan Summit. The leaders additionally participated in a joint financial discussion board centered on boosting Japanese investments in India. Along with agreeing on a variety of steps to deepen defence cooperation, together with the joint growth of navy platforms, the 2 sides agreed to improve a commerce deal concluded in 2011.
Underneath Takaichi’s management, Japan has centered on strengthening ties with like-minded companions similar to India, Australia and South Korea in opposition to the backdrop of China’s persevering with assertiveness throughout the area. In line with a joint assertion, Modi and Takaichi expressed “critical concern” on the state of affairs within the East China Sea and South China Sea, and opposed unilateral actions that endanger freedom of navigation in addition to makes an attempt to vary the established order by drive.
At a joint media interplay with Takaichi after their talks, Modi referred to his remarks finally month’s G7 Summit about mutual belief being the best strategic asset in an surroundings of worldwide uncertainty, and stated the India-Japan partnership “stands the take a look at of this precept in each respect”.
Takaichi added, “Japan and India should leverage our respective strengths to change into stronger and extra affluent collectively within the midst of worldwide affairs in disarray. The institution of such inter-complementary cooperative relations has change into ever extra necessary.”
Modi stated the measures agreed on by the 2 sides to broaden cooperation in defence, vitality, commerce and funding, AI, prescription drugs and shipbuilding will bolster regional peace and prosperity. He referred to Takaichi as his “youthful sister”, and she or he responded by calling him her “larger brother”.
“In at the moment’s period of uncertainty, India and Japan totally recognise the significance of financial safety and vitality safety. On this course, we have now adopted a joint roadmap on financial safety at the moment,” Modi stated, including that the roadmap will strengthen provide chain resilience in strategic sectors similar to semiconductors and superior supplies.
Takaichi underscored three pillars on the centre of bilateral cooperation — deepening strategic cooperation to realize frequent objectives, together with an alignment between her up to date Free and Open Indo-Pacific coverage and India’s MAHASAGAR imaginative and prescient; selling cooperation in financial safety and vitality safety to beat “financial weaponisation” and construct resilience in important provide chains; and bolstering financial development in each international locations by investments and innovation collaboration.
Within the discipline of defence, state-run firms from the 2 sides concluded an settlement for the Unicorn, or Unified Complicated Radio Antenna, undertaking, which envisages the joint growth of a radio antenna for Indian warships. Officers stated the settlement will cowl the switch of expertise, and the undertaking will pave the best way for joint growth of air, land and sea programs, together with unmanned automobiles.
The 2 sides additionally agreed to increase navy workouts, maritime area consciousness utilizing satellite tv for pc capabilities, and cooperation in naval upkeep, restore and overhaul (MRO), based on the joint assertion. The prime ministers directed their international and defence ministers to carry the fourth spherical of the two+2 ministerial assembly in Tokyo by the top of the 12 months.
Modi famous that the bilateral funding partnership continues to develop, with greater than 100 new enterprise agreements concluded over the previous 12 months, paving the best way for $10 billion in Japanese investments. “Our goal is evident — to draw 10 trillion yen in Japanese investments into India over the subsequent 10 years and to double the variety of Japanese firms working in India,” he stated.
Two-way commerce reached $27.5 billion in 2025-26, whereas Japanese investments in India had been price $3.2 billion between April and December 2025, based on Indian authorities knowledge. Japan is amongst India’s largest international buyers and has backed key infrastructure tasks, together with metro networks in main cities and the Mumbai-Ahmedabad high-speed railway.
The joint assertion stated the prime ministers reaffirmed the significance of the Mumbai-Ahmedabad high-speed rail undertaking as a flagship initiative, and Takaichi said, “Japan totally understands India’s goal to begin business operations on precedence sections in 2027 and stays dedicated to extending the required cooperation”.
The 2 sides acknowledged the objective of introducing Japan’s E10 bullet practice, and Modi invited Japanese firms to discover alternatives to take part within the growth of future high-speed corridors.
With greater than 15 years having handed because the two international locations signed their Complete Financial Partnership Settlement (CEPA), India and Japan agreed to speed up the assessment of its implementation and full and efficient use to make it extra forward-looking, the joint assertion stated.
International Secretary Vikram Misri informed a media briefing that the CEPA had change into “considerably dated” within the context of latest commerce preparations being struck the world over. The Indian aspect proposed that the time had come to think about a big improve of the CEPA, and Takaichi stated officers from each side ought to meet to take the subsequent steps, Misri stated.
The Joint Declaration on Financial Safety will promote project-based collaboration to boost joint resilience in key sectors similar to semiconductors, important minerals, info and communication expertise, together with AI, clear vitality and prescription drugs. This can embody each government-to-government and business-to-business collaboration.
Whereas the Joint Declaration didn’t title any nation, it was clear that lots of the measures had been drawn up with China’s latest actions in thoughts. Each side expressed “grave considerations” over using financial coercion and non-market practices, together with “arbitrary export restrictions” main to provide chain disruptions, significantly for important minerals.
Within the context of China’s dominance in prescription drugs, the 2 sides agreed to discover various provide chains for Energetic Pharmaceutical Elements (APIs) and Key Beginning Supplies (KSMs), conduct a vulnerability evaluation, and discover prospects for mutual cooperation to make sure the steady provide of those commodities.
The Joint Assertion on Power Resilience will facilitate cooperation in strategic stockpiling and reserve mechanisms for crude oil and petroleum merchandise, and promote joint investments throughout the maritime vitality transport worth chain. Takaichi stated a bilateral dialogue will likely be launched to strengthen India’s petroleum stockpiling system, and Japan will again India’s membership of the Worldwide Power Company (IEA).
The Joint Assertion on Cooperation in AI will elevate collaboration on this discipline to a strategic analysis and growth partnership. Whereas constructing on the India-Japan AI Initiative, the assertion serves as a roadmap for higher cooperation throughout the AI expertise stack in keeping with a shared imaginative and prescient of protected, safe, trusted, inclusive and human-centric AI.
The 2 sides finalised six memorandums of cooperation, together with for establishing 1,000 biogas and natural fertiliser vegetation throughout India by leveraging a community of dairy cooperatives; organising battery-related tasks to construct a resilient and sustainable battery provide chain; strengthening pharma provide chains by bilateral funding and enterprise linkages; boosting joint work in upstream important minerals exploration; and selling cooperation between the IndiaAI Mission and Japan’s GENIAC initiative by B2B matchmaking and joint tasks.
The memorandum of cooperation on the Subsequent Technology Mobility Partnership (NGMP) will set up a framework for accelerating personal sector-led cooperation and investments in rail, automotive and highway infrastructure, aviation, shipbuilding and ports, logistics and concrete growth.
The 2 sides additionally concluded 5 memorandums of understanding on analysis and innovation in deep tech and life sciences, organic and neurological analysis, collaboration on giant language fashions (LLMs) with a give attention to growing LLMs for enhanced scientific reasoning, and cooperation in Nationwide Web Registry operations and web safety enhancements.

